Rodriguez et al. published (article in press) a study which used the data of a Michigan herd of 500 cows infected by H5N1 to estimate the effect of the outbreak on the health, productivity, and economics at the herd and individual-level.

Some key points outlined in the abstract include:

• "The total milk drop was 324 kg of milk per cow in the herd, or 1,014 kg per affected cow."
• "The cost of HPAI H5N1 for affected cows based on milk reduction, replacement, treatment costs, and reduced DMI was estimated at $504 (90% range = $422–$597)."
• "The effect of HPAI H5N1 on health, productivity, and economics was both severe and immediate, challenging the economic sustainability of the dairy farms."