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Associations between endometrial swab bacteriology and cytology findings and live foal rates in Thoroughbred broodmares in the United Kingdom

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Fehin et al. (2025) evaluated pre-covering endometrial swab cytology and bacteriology, and fertility outcomes in Thoroughbred broodmares. The authors concluded, "Results highlight complexities to consider when interpreting endometrial swab cytology findings and a subset of mares with a profuse growth of E. coli in which knowledge gaps exist around the aetiologies underlying their poorer fertility outcomes."